Mercedes 35 HP (1901) – The First Mercedes Car

 

Introduction

The Mercedes 35 HP (1901) is a landmark in automotive history, marking the birth of the Mercedes brand and revolutionizing car design. Commissioned by Emil Jellinek and engineered by Wilhelm Maybach and Gottlieb Daimler, this vehicle set new standards for speed, stability, and engineering excellence. Unlike its bulky predecessors, the Mercedes 35 HP featured a lightweight frame, a powerful engine, and a low center of gravity—qualities that defined modern automobiles.

This article explores the origins, technical innovations, and legacy of the Mercedes 35 HP, illustrating why it remains a cornerstone of automotive evolution.

Content

1. The Birth of the Mercedes 35 HP

The Mercedes 35 HP emerged from a collaboration between Austrian businessman Emil Jellinek and German engineers Wilhelm Maybach and Paul Daimler (son of Gottlieb Daimler). Jellinek, a passionate racing enthusiast, wanted a faster, more reliable car than the Daimler Phoenix, which was prone to overheating and instability.

• Jellinek’s Vision: He ordered 36 cars with specific demands—a lower chassis, a powerful engine, and improved cooling.

• Naming "Mercedes": The car was named after Jellinek’s daughter, Mercedes, a name later adopted by the brand.

2. Technical Innovations

The Mercedes 35 HP introduced groundbreaking features that influenced future car designs:

• Engine: A 5.9L inline-4 producing 35 horsepower, enabling speeds up to 75 km/h—unheard of at the time.

• Lightweight Construction: A pressed-steel frame reduced weight, improving speed and handling.

• Low Center of Gravity: The engine was placed lower, enhancing stability.

• Honeycomb Radiator: Maybach’s patented cooling system prevented overheating.

• Innovative Transmission: A four-speed gearbox provided smoother acceleration.

3. Dominance in Motorsports

The Mercedes 35 HP proved its superiority in racing:

• 1901 Nice Week: It dominated hill climbs and speed trials, defeating all competitors.

• Publicity Boost: Victories solidified Mercedes’ reputation for performance and reliability.

4. Legacy and Impact

• Foundation of Mercedes-Benz: The success led to the merger of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft (DMG) and Benz & Cie., forming Mercedes-Benz in 1926.

• Blueprint for Modern Cars: Its design principles—lightweight construction, aerodynamic shapes, and efficient engines—became industry standards.

• Cultural Icon: The Mercedes 35 HP is celebrated in museums and classic car exhibitions worldwide.

Conclusion

The Mercedes 35 HP was more than just a car—it was a revolution. Its engineering brilliance, racing success, and influence on future vehicles make it a pivotal milestone in automotive history. From its debut in 1901 to its enduring legacy, the Mercedes 35 HP remains a testament to innovation, proving that visionary design can transform an entire industry.